Description:Human kidney organoids generated from human ES and iPS cells are used to evaluate tropism of AAV2, AAV8, and AAV9 that express eGFP under CMV promoter. Organoids are exposed to AAVs at MOI 10^5 from differentiaiton day 21 to 28. Immunohistochemistry is performed to visualize transduced cells with staining for podocytes (PODXL), proximal tubules (LTL), loops of Henle and distal nephrons (CDH1), interstitial stromal cells (PDGFRb), and endothelia (CD31). AAV2/2 shows the highest transduction efficiency among three serotypes evaluated, and the GFP expression is highest in proximal tubular cells.