Description:This study evaluates the impact of PFOA exposure on the metabolome and immune response to SARS-2 using a ferret model. Ferrets were separated into control or PFOA-exposed groups and challenged with SARS-2. Longitudinal analyses encompassing clinical assessments, serological profiling, histopathology, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomics revealed significant metabolic and immunological perturbations. We found that PFOA-induced metabolic changes were more prominent and sustained than those driven by infection. PFOA exposure was also associated with impaired immune function, as evidenced by decreased serum IgG levels, increased viral loads, and prolonged peak infectivity. These findings underscore the intensified effects of PFOA on host metabolism and immunity during infectious diseases.